What is the original "down" breed?

The Southdown breed is considered the original "down" breed, which is recognized for its compact size and high-quality meat production. The term "down" in livestock generally refers to a group of British sheep breeds that originated in the hilly regions of southern England, with the Southdown being one of the earliest recognized in this classification.

Southdowns are characterized by their wool, conformation, and adaptability to various farming conditions, making them a foundational breed from which other down breeds have developed. Their genetic contributions have been significant in the evolution of sheep breeds that have been selectively developed for improved meat quality.

Other breeds like Shropshire, Suffolk, and Hampshire have their own distinct characteristics and histories, but they stem from different origins and evolving selection practices that followed after the establishment of the Southdown breed. Understanding this context illustrates why Southdown is identified as the original "down" breed.